VV(4) - Horus on the Horizon

[David Morris]

http://ic.arc.nasa.gov/ic/projects/bayesgroup/Atlas/Mars/features/h/harmakhis_vallis.html

http://library.thinkquest.org/15215/Culture/Harmakhis.htm

Horus Harmakhis
This god was associated with Khepri as a symbol of eternal life or 
resurrection, since Khepri is the rising Sun. Haramakhis which means, Horus 
in the horizon, personified the rising Sun.
Harmakhis is represented as a man with a falcon head wearing a variety of 
crowns, or a falcon, or a ram headed lion. Harmakhis's most famous depiction 
is however the Sphinx of Giza. (a big man-headed lion wearing a royal 
headdress and the uraeus) This is sculpted out of rock and is close to the 
tomb of fourth dynasty pharaoh Khephren. The sphinx's face is made in his 
image.

Haramakhis is not only the Sun-God Horus, he is also believed to be a 
repository of the deepest wisdom. The story is told of how young prince 
Tuthmosis III (18th dynasty) fell asleep at noon in the shadow between the 
paws of the Sphinx at Giza while he was out hunting. While asleep Tuthmosis 
III dreamed he heard that Harmakhis -Atum-Khepri was his father and that he 
should assume the red crown and the white crown on the throne of Gleb. 
Harmakhis said he would get the throne for Tuthmosis if he would remove the 
sand which had half buried the Sphinx. Tuthmosis did this for Harmakhis and 
became pharaoh. Instead of being protected by Amon-Ra he was protected by 
Ra-Harmakhis. This began the movement against Amon-Ra.

http://www.mythographica.demon.co.uk/Ancient%20Egyptian%20Tarot/egg/egg_horus.html

The name Horus is a Latinized form of the Greek ‘Hores’, which in turn is 
derived from the Egyptian ‘Hor’. The origin of this name may come from the 
same root as the Egyptian word for high or ‘far away’. Horus was represented 
either as a falcon or a falcon-headed man. His two eyes symbolized the two 
heavenly bodies, the sun and the moon, with the right eye being the sun and 
the left the moon. However the phrase ‘the eye of Horus’ usually refers to 
the moon. It was this eye that was lost to Set and later, after being 
recovered, presented to Osiris to aid him in his resurrection.

The four sons of Horus, Imset, Qebehsenuf, Duamuttef and Hapi, acted as 
guides to the dead. They represented the cardinal points and were found 
either pictorially or by name on each of the four sides of the coffin. They 
protected the body from hunger and thirst and also watched over the internal 
organs of the deceased, which were removed from the body during 
mummification and held in canopic jars, each of which bore a moulded head of 
one of the sons.

The falcon was sacred to Horus from the earliest times and the image of a 
falcon on its perch became the hieroglyphic symbol representing the word 
‘god’. Many sanctuaries were dedicated to him, and in each one his priests 
appear to have developed their own collection of myths associated with the 
god. So varied did these become that at first glance it would appear that we 
have over a dozen gods bearing the name Horus, some of which are provided 
below.

http://members.nbci.com/edpa/egypt/gods/eggods1.htm
As Harsiesis, he was "Horus, the son of Isis." Horus was conceived magically 
by Isis following the murder of his father, Osiris by Set. Horus was raised 
by his mother on the floating island of Khemmis near Buto. He was in 
constant danger from his evil uncle Set but his mother was able to protect 
him and he survived. He grew to manhood and avenged Osiris' murder by 
defeating his uncle Set. At this point, the story of Horus the son of Isis 
merged with that of

http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/9/0,5716,42049+1,00.html
Horus

Egyptian HOR, OR HAR, in ancient Egyptian religion, god in the form of a 
falcon whose eyes were the sun and the moon. Falcon cults were widespread in 
Egypt. At Nekhen (Greek: Hierakonpolis), however, the conception arose that 
the reigning king was a manifestation of Horus and, after Egypt had been 
united by the kings from Nekhen, this conception became a generally accepted 
dogma. The first of the Egyptian king's five names was the Horus name--i.e., 
the name that identified him with Horus.

>From the 1st dynasty (c. 2525-2775 BC), Horus and the god Seth were 
perpetual antagonists who were reconciled in the harmony of Upper and Lower 
Egypt. In the myth of Osiris, who became prominent about 2350 BC, Horus was 
the son of Osiris. He was also the opponent of Seth, who murdered Osiris and 
contested Horus' heritage, the royal throne of Egypt. Horus finally defeated 
Seth, thus avenging his father and assuming the rule. In the fight his left 
eye (i.e., the moon) was damaged--this being a mythical explanation of the 
moon's phases--and was healed by the god Thoth. The figure of the restored 
eye (the wedjat eye) became a powerful amulet.

Horus appeared as a local god in many places and under different names and 
epithets: for instance, as Harmakhis (Har-em-akhet, "Horus in the Horizon"); 
Harpocrates (Har-pe-khrad, "Horus the Child"); Harsiesis (Har-si-Ese, 
"Horus, Son of Isis"); Harakhte ("Horus of the Horizon," closely associated 
with the sun god Re); and, at Kawm Umbu (Kom Ombo), as Haroeris (Harwer, 
"Horus the Elder"). Horus was later identified by the Greeks with Apollo, 
and Edfu was called Apollinopolis ("Apollo's Town") in the Greco-Roman 
period.

In the Ptolemaic period, the vanquishing of Seth became a symbol of Egypt 
triumphing over its occupiers. At Edfu, where rebellions frequently 
interrupted work on the temple, a ritual drama depicting Horus as pharaoh 
spearing Seth in the guise of a hippopotamus was periodically enacted.



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