atddta 32:scale degree a semitone above

[grladams at teleport.com]

This concerns the Phrygian mode:

--the presence of a scale degree a semitone above the final tonic- makes me
think of those maths again. our third dimension-- plus one. Or makes me
think of that little off dimension you see with your eyes looking through
iceland spar..

You can punch up wikipedia too, which states:
Some Italian songs, like most of The Godfather soundtrack themes, are 
promptly recognized as Italian music by the flat second note, which 
identifies the Phrygian mode.

GROVE MUSIC ONLINE:
The expression ‘Phrygian mode’ is often used as a covering term for 
Renaissance and Baroque polyphonic compositions whose final sonority is an 
E major triad established by a Phrygian cadence and whose parts range more 
or less within the Phrygian or Hypophrygian ambitus; their principal 
cadence degrees, other than the final, are A, C, G and occasionally D. This 
polyphonic application of the Phrygian mode is sometimes found transposed 
up a 4th in the cantus mollis (i.e. with a one-flat signature), so that the 
final becomes a and all other modal functions and relations are also a 4th 
higher in terms of their notated degrees. 

‘Phrygian mode’, or ‘Phrygian scale’, is frequently used with reference to 
European folksongs and diatonic non-Western melodies whose final or 
apparent tonic is related to the scale type in a manner similar to that of 
the Phrygian church mode. The most characteristic feature of such melodies 
is the presence of a scale degree a semitone above the final or apparent 
tonic; this is sometimes called an ‘upper leading note’. 

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