Fwd: "adumbrate, v." - Word of the Day from the OED

[Dave Monroe]

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Your word for today is: adumbrate, v.

adumbrate, v.
Pronunciation: Brit. /ˈadʌmbreɪt/, /ˈadəmbreɪt/,  U.S. /ˈædəmˌbreɪt/,
/əˈdəmˌbreɪt/
Forms:  15 adumbrat Sc., past participle,   15– adumbrate,   16 adumberate.
Etymology: <  classical Latin adumbrāt-, past participial stem (see
-ate suffix3) of adumbrāre to shade, cover, to obscure, to depict in
light and shade, to sketch, to outline, to feign, counterfeit, in
post-classical Latin also to symbolize (6th cent.) <  ad- ad- prefix +
umbrāre umber v.1 Compare slightly earlier adumber v. and the Romance
parallels cited at that entry.
In past participle adumbrat after classical Latin adumbrātus, past
participle of adumbrāre.



N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (ădɒ·mbreit) /əˈdʌmbreɪt/.
 1.  trans. orig. Theol. To represent beforehand by a figure or type;
to be an early indication or version of; to foreshadow. Also: to
symbolize.
1537  T. Paynell tr.  Erasmus Comparation Vyrgin & Martyr f. 23v, You
as fore runners, dydde adumbrate Christis passion.
1581  J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 147 Abolished by the glorie
of Christ, whose death and passion they [sc. burnt offerings] did
adumbrate.
1610  J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xxvi. 181 The Griffon‥will
neuer be taken aliue; wherein hee doth Adumbrate or rather liuely set
forth the propertie of a valorous Souldier.
1677  T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV i. ii. vi. 72 Noah‥is
adumbrated to us, not only in Saturne, but also in Prometheus.
1713  G. Hickes Coll. Serm. II. xiv. 259 Things and Persons under the
Old Testament, did typify and adumbrate Things and Persons under the
New.
1793  W. Roberts Looker-on 13 July 502 The clustering manner in which
they hang from their luxuriant branches adumbrates the numerousness
and concord of his royal offspring.
1848  P. H. Myers First of Knickerbockers xiv. 143 The fountain in the
desert—the flower on the heath—a star in the clouded sky; these are
its images, and its types, as far as mortal objects can adumbrate
immortality.
1872  H. Macmillan True Vine i. 32 What qualities in Christ are
adumbrated by the vine?
1919 Amer. Catholic Q. Rev. July 360 German expansion and commercial
domination was adumbrated by decades in which the cultivation of
poetry and the fine arts was the sole title to fame which Germany
possessed.
1970 Keats-Shelley Jrnl. 19 7 The wild wind which here appears to be
the spirit of mutability‥adumbrates the change which must come.
1991  P. Johnson Birth of Mod. 824 There are many respects in which
Bentham's industry houses adumbrated the work camps set up in Hitler's
Germany and Lenin's Russia over a hundred years later.
 2.  trans. To draw or describe in outline; to sketch out; to indicate
faintly. In later use also more generally: to describe, state.
1589  W. Dorke Tipe of Friendship sig. A2, A Figure‥more worthie to be
purtraied with the cunning pencill of Protogenes, than so dimlie
adumbrated with the running penne of Agatharcus.
1596  J. Dalrymple tr.  J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 128 The forme
of Scotland quhilke heir I indifferentlie haue adumbrat.
1651  J. French Art Distillation Ep. Ded. sig. A4v, I crave leave to
adumbrate something of that art which I know you will be willing‥to
promote.
1692  S. Patrick Answer to Touchstone 223 Which is not expressly
prepounded‥but adumbrated and obscurely indicated.
1725 New Dict. Heraldry at Adumbration, When any Figure is born
so‥obscur'd, as that nothing but the bare Purfile, or (as Painters
say) the Out-line is visible, such is said to be adumbrated.
1817  J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. v. ix. 706 Its duties were very
ill defined, or rather not defined at all, but only adumbrated.
1891  P. A. Graham Nature in Bks vi. 167 Neither in paint nor in music
nor in words is the most consummate artist able to do more than
faintly adumbrate his mental impressions.
1925  G. K. Chesterton Everlasting Man i. vi. 131 There is no more in
it than what I have already adumbrated.
1975 N.Y. Mag. 25 Aug. 65/2 There is no room in these pages to do more
than adumbrate the scope of such arguments.
2008 Atlantic Monthly July 136/2 The feminine principle makes nonsense
of all forms of statecraft, including even the cleverest ones
adumbrated in The Prince.
 3.  trans.
 a.  To overshadow; to shade, obscure (lit. and fig.). Now rare.
1598  G. Chapman in  Marlowe  & G. Chapman Hero & Leander (new ed.)
sig. H2v, Nor did it couer, but adumbrate onelie Her most
heart-piercing parts.
1670  G. Havers tr.  G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa ii. iii.
180 The lustre of his good qualities is in some measure adumbrated by
certain defects.
1681 Arraignm.,Tryal & Condemnation S. Colledge 41 To adumbrate our
Actions, for fear we should be discovered.
1791  R. Townley Jrnl. Isle of Man I. 307 Real beauty and loveliness,
however concealed or disguised, cannot be entirely adumbrated.
1834  F. Marryat Jacob Faithful I. v. 86 [He] was kneeling at the
bedside, his nose adumbrating the coverlid of my bed.
1860  J. P. Kennedy Horse-shoe Robinson v. 55 The building was
adumbrated in the shelter of a huge willow.
1917 North Amer. Student Apr. 304/1 Her [sc. Korea's] political
identity is adumbrated by the shadow of Japan.
1979  W. Styron Sophie's Choice vii. 158 Her happy reminiscence of
their first days together had‥become adumbrated by the consciousness
of something else—something troubling, hurtful, sinister.
†b.  To add shading to (a picture) (fig. in quot.). Obs. rare.
1599  T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 75 Whose resplendent laud and honour, to
delineate and adumbrate to the ample life, were a woorke that would
drinke drie fourscore and eighteene castalian fountaines of eloquence.

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